The Misfit and the Grandmother in Flannery O’ Connors A...

â€Å"A Good Man is hard to find,† a short story written by Flannery O’ Connor, is one of the most interesting stories I’ve ever come across to in my life. Born as an only child into a Catholic family, O’ Conner is one of the most â€Å"greatest fiction writers and one of the strongest apologists for Roman Catholicism in the twentieth century (New Georgia Encyclopedia).† She was a very strong believer in her faith and she used her stories as a tool to send the reader a message that were most likely ignored and almost never uttered out loud. The story revolves around a grandmother who believes to be high and mighty around others. This results in her downfall later on. â€Å"A Good man is hard to find,† is about a family who decide to go on a trip to†¦show more content†¦Blinded by her actions with her beliefs, she forgets the fact that faith without actions is dead. It is by this relentless character that causes her whole family to be murdered in the end. The way the grandmother sneaks the cat into the car and lies about the secret panel brings irony to her beliefs of what it is to be a lady. Her views on the â€Å"old south† is established when she calls an African American boy a â€Å"cute little pickaninny.† June Star’s remark upon the boy not having britches on leads on to the grandmother’s remark on how he might not be able to afford shows her lack of sympathy towards the less fortunate. This also makes the reader wonder why she even says such a thing in the first place. Instead of reaching out to lend a hand the grandmother ends her statement by simply saying that she would like to â€Å"paint a picture† of the scene. The Misfit on the other hand, acknowledges that he is not a good man but he â€Å"ain’t the worst in the world neither (364).† He accepts his misdeeds but he does not believe that the punishment he receives fit with the wrong he has done. He goes by the name ‘The misfit,’ because of how he really feels like. It is apparent that he is from a good family background from the way he describes his parents. â€Å"God never made a finer woman than my mother and my daddy’s heart was pure gold (363).† He does not deny the existence of a supreme God, and he doesShow MoreRelated Foreshadowing in Flannery O Connors A Good Man Is Hard to Find910 Words   |  4 PagesForeshadowing in Flannery O Connors A Good Man Is Hard to Find Flannery O Connor, a native of Georgia was one of the most prolific writers of the twentieth century. As a strict Catholic, O Connor often displayed a sense of spiritual corruption within the characters in most of her stories. One of O Connors famous stories, A Good Man Is Hard to Find, reveals the image of spiritual deficiency inherent in the characters which foreshadowed a bloody end. The grandmother communicated theRead MoreWilliam Faulkner, A Native Of Mississippi, And Flannery O Connor1624 Words   |  7 PagesFaulkner, a native of Mississippi, and Flannery O’ Connor, a native of Georgia, are widely recognized as two of the most important and challenging American writers of fiction in the 20th century. Both of them are also two of the most typical writers who use the Southern Gothic style in their stories, which employs the use of ghastly, ironic events to investigate the values of the American South, such as A Rose for Emily of Faulkner, and A Good Man Is Hard to Find of O’ Connor. In the story A Rose for EmilyRead MoreEffectiveness of Juvenile Incarceration1357 Words   |  6 Pages11/18/10 Research Paper â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find† by Flannery O’Connor who is a Southern American novelist and short story writer, O’ Connor’s career expanded in the 1950sand early 60s, a time when the South was dominated by Protestant Christians.O’Connor was born and raised a Catholic. She was a fundamentalist and aChristian moralist whose powerful apocalyptic fiction is focused in the South.Flannery O’Connor was born March 25, 1925 in Savannah, Georgia. O’ Connorgrew up on a farm with herRead MoreSummary Of A Good Man Is Hard And Find By Flannery O Connor1114 Words   |  5 Pages Man is Hard to Find Theme Essay: Religion ENG1300/ Literature Anthony Copeland December 16, 2014 In the short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’ Connor, the major theme in this story to me is how religion plays such a larger role in some lives more than others. The grandmother, a prime example for this, shows throughout the story that having â€Å"faith† isn’t a saving grace and misplaced faith could possibly get you killed. The major confrontationRead MoreThe Difference Between Right And Wrong And Good Versus Evil1095 Words   |  5 PagesDunlap English 1302 11 May 2015 Good versus Evil The difference between right and wrong and good versus evil can be simplified in a basic short story text. Flannery O Connor bases its concept of good versus evil in A Good Man is Hard to Find. The characters justify this theory. Flannery O Conner, as a Catholic, saw the nature of good vs. evil and centers around the literature A Good Man is Hard to Find, by utilizing the roles of these characters. O Connor’s theory is contributed to God’s workRead MoreIn class, we have read a couple of Flannery O’ Connor’s short stories which include A Good Man is900 Words   |  4 Pagescouple of Flannery O’ Connor’s short stories which include A Good Man is Hard to Find, Good Country People, and Revelations. After reading these stories, I noticed that Flannery O’ Connor changes the story but in a sense keeps the same main characters in every story. The main things that change between these characters are how they decide to handle a situation and their names; the things that do not change are often the outlook that they have on the world. I noticed the grandma from A Good Man is HardRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of A Good Man Is Hard To Find1094 Words   |  5 PagesKlein English 1302 15 October 2017 Literary Analysis Essay â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† tells a twisted story of a typical family going about a road trip embedded with ethical pit stops along the way. The story revolves around a cynical grandmother and how her unconventional attitude and habits set the stage for an interesting turn of events. Through manipulative antics, a prejudice character and an ironic story line, author Flannery O’Conner creates a captivating tale that shines a lights on readers’Read MoreHypocritical Religion1175 Words   |  5 Pagesworshiping God, while others could care less about believing in a God or not. Flannery ‘o Connor, who was a zealous Roman Catholic, wrote stories with the underlining mean that Catholics work harder for their beliefs than any other religions. She uses her writing to vent about Christians singly using God when their life gets difficult, instead of living by the Christian faith. A story she wrote called â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Fine† gives the perfec t example of her expressing her anger with people whoRead MoreGood And Evil : A Good Man1059 Words   |  5 Pagesthe image and placement of good and evil seem to be fairly easy to identify. Good and evil are viewed differently in many people’s eyes. In A Good Man is Hard to Find, good and evil seem to be easy to understand and identify, but once true horror comes into the equation, the characters true values become apparent. Flannery O Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find is about a grandmother and her family traveling to their vacation spot in Florida. Along the way the grandmother remembers a house that sheRead MoreA good man is hard to find2182 Words   |  9 PagesThe Use of Religion in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† Flannery O Connor is a Christian writer, and her work shows Christian themes of good and evil, grace, and salvation. O’Connor has challenged the theme of religion into all of her works largely because of her Roman Catholic upbringing. O’Connor wrote in such a way that the characters and settings of her stories are unforgettable, revealing deep insights into the human existence. In O’Connor’s Introduction to a â€Å"Memoir of Mary

Vaccinating Children And Their Effects On Children

Vaccinating is the most crucial and effective way to keep people healthy. It protects everyone from dangerous disease, but in some religion they don’t allow. People tend to believe that vaccines can give their kids autism, but it’s a misconception. Studies have shown that there is no link between vaccines and autism. â€Å"Some people worry that receiving too many vaccines early in life can overwhelm a baby s immune system and that this might somehow lead to autism† (Evidence Shows). Although some children do have allergic reaction from vaccines. Parents believe that giving too many vaccines to their children can cause problems. People actually don’t know what does vaccines are made of. â€Å"Vaccines contain live viruses, killed viruses, purified viral proteins, inactivated bacterial toxins, or bacterial polysaccharides.† (Offit). These viruses help the immune system make stronger and help fight diseases. Parents should vaccinate their children eve ry year, which will allow them to be healthy. Many people believe that vaccines are not safe to take because they can lead to problems but it’s a false statement. Measles vaccine was licensed in 1962 since then the case for measles has decreased. â€Å"If you look at the history of any vaccine-preventable disease, you will virtually always see that the number of cases of disease starts to drop when a vaccine is licensed.† (Vaccines Are Effective). Parents often think that illnesses are rare because other children are getting vaccinated.Show MoreRelatedVaccinating Children And Its Effects On Children790 Words   |  4 PagesVaccinating Children Is it better to prevent a disease from ever being contracted, or to treat it after it has been contracted? Polio, measles, diphtheria, and tetanus are all diseases preventable by vaccination. They can cause intense pain and death if not prevented. In order to protect our future generations, children should be vaccinated. There are many reasons why parents should and should not vaccinate, however, and the â€Å"why’s† far outweigh the â€Å"why not’s†. A few reasons why include that itRead MoreVaccinating Death And Its Effects On Children1740 Words   |  7 PagesVaccinating Towards Death â€Å"Vaccines save lives; fear endangers them it’s simply a message parents need to keep hearing†(Kluger). Even before babies are born doctors ask the parents permission to vaccinate the child when he or she is born, not just with one vaccine but with several. At that age, there is no choice. Of course the parents want to protect the child from any harmful disease and keep them safe and healthy. Vaccines have both positive and negative effects. Vaccination could cause manyRead MoreVaccinating Children At A Young Age Raises Concerns Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesWith all the diseases and virus s spreading throughout our world, the issue of vaccinating children at a young age raises concerns. While some parents choose to vaccinate their children, others allow the human body and the immune system to take control of the situation. Over time, arguments have risen that the chemicals put into vaccinations can have harmful side effects and impacts on the human body if tak en incorrectly. There are many similarities and differences seen between the two life styleRead MorePublic Schools Should Not Be Banned914 Words   |  4 Pagesvaccinate our children has recently become a debatable and controversial issue amongst parents and activists alike. There are many people who believe there is a greater risk in vaccinating their children due to the side effects, including seizures, paralysis, and in some cases, death although a very small percentage of children actually experience these side effects. Vaccines help prevent deadly diseases by preparing the body to fight off the illnesses when and if they occur. Children should be requiredRead MoreThe Benefits of Vaccinating Your Child1502 Words   |  7 PagesCOURSE PROJECT FINAL DRAFT 1 The Benefits of Vaccinating Your Children Meagan Pace EN102 English Composition II Mrs. Justine ONeil September 28, 2014 Miller-Motte College Online COURSE PROJECT FINAL DRAFT 2 The Benefits of Vaccinating Your Children Getting vaccinations is very important, and could in fact save your life. Vaccinations have been proven to save millions of lives per year, including 3 million of those being children who are more susceptible to dangerous illnessesRead MoreVaccines And Its Effects On Children1400 Words   |  6 PagesVaccines have changed the life of children with making some illnesses obsolete. The majority of parents are making sure that their children get vaccinated against potentially serious diseases. The parents that get their children vaccinated are trying to prevent the reoccurrence of these deadly illnesses. The problem arises when you have these children that have not been vaccinated around children not of age to get the vaccine for a particular disease. The older children get the disease and give it toRead MoreVaccines, Cognitive Bias, And The Parent Pediatrician Relationship1414 Words   |  6 Pagesand the Decisions of Some Parents to Forego Pertussis Vaccination for Their Children† by J. Meszaros, D. Asch, J. Baron, J. Hershey, H. Kunreuther, and J. Schwartz-Buzaglo; â€Å"Illusion of Control: The Role of Personal Involvement† by Ion Yarritu, Helena Matute, and Miguel A. Vadillo; and â€Å"Responding to Parental Refusals of Immunization of Children† by Douglas S. Diekema help to describe the relationship between non-vaccinating parents and pediatricians, and the cognitive biases that run this relationshipRead MoreBenefits And Risks Associated With Vaccinating Children1188 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This literature review discusses the benefits and risks associated with vaccinating children. The researcher collects five articles that were deemed appropriate for the topic and analyzed using databases and limitations. The articles were analyzed and categorized by the risks and benefits that may be discussed throughout the article. The findings showed what the researcher collected as important information from the five articles. For instance, vaccinations will prevent an estimated 322Read MoreWhy Vaccination Should Be Mandatory875 Words   |  4 Pagesoriginal smallpox vaccine over two centuries ago. Parents, teachers, children and health care specialists all have a vital stake in this debate. Parents believe they should have the right to make the decision on whether or not to vaccinate their children. While health care officials disagree, claiming that by not vaccinating, all children will be susceptible to the vaccine-preventable diseases. Megan Heimer discusses the risk of vac cinating a child and that it should not be mandatory in her article, â€Å"TheRead MoreVaccinations Persuasive Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pagesparents concerns of safety of their children. Parents now are wondering if vaccinations are the best thing for their children due to reports that vaccines cause autism and other brain disabilities. Although, the link between vaccines and autism has been discredited, the issue is still a hot topic throughout the safety of kids and refusal of vaccines. The link between autism and vaccines has caused a scare which lead to more parents refusing to vaccinate their children and causing a spike in measles outbreaks

Toyota Ethical Issues Essay - 1239 Words

Current Ethical Issue in Business Toyota Ethical Issue Charlie Badell, Dawn Vinaguerra, Dotlyn Robertson, Farida Biobaku, Peter Daunoy HCS 350 July 18, 2011 John Muench, MSM Current Ethical Issue in Business Ethics are moral principles of knowing right and wrong. All human action comes under the ethics of right or wrong. In the corporate world, ethics may be known as moral business principles. As defined by Crystal (2010), â€Å"Business ethics is the behavior that a business adheres to in its daily dealings with the world† (Para. 1). The company’s business ethics relate to the organization, its employees, consumers, and the surrounding community that may be the world. In business ethics, the line†¦show more content†¦31). The issue led to massive recall of Toyota vehicles. In trying to fix the problem, Toyota recalled all floor mats in its vehicle to fix a problem in which the gas pedal can become caught on the edge of the floor mat. Toyota stated that the mat can cause the vehicle to accelerate uncontrollably. Thereafter another recall was made involving accelerator pedals that can stick on their own. For reasons best known to Toyota concealed the truth from the public and Toyota tried to fix problems after the issue become public. After the media reported the serious problem in Toyota’s vehicles, the public was enraged on how Toyota is handling the acceleration problem. The issue of focus in this paper is how the management of Toyota handled the situation viewed from the eye of a consumer. 3 The Toyota organization culture is secretive and non-communicative even with employees. The in-sider joke among Toyota American employees, working for Toyota is like working for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and information is shared only on a need to know basis. The organization hierarchical decision-making structure reduced its ability to respond to the problem. As for Toyota transparency, a hearing by the United States lower house judged found the company’s initial responses ambiguous. One of Toyota senior VP Irving A. Miller warned the executive coordinator to come forward with the information of the accelerator pedals malfunction but was warned not to mentionShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues on Toyota4559 Words   |  19 Pagesremain in healthy competition, though today’s competitive world is discouraging small and big business brands to remain ethical. With WSI business opportunity, you can learn methods of becoming sue. What we have learnt from the course of Business Ethics? Course Description: Business ethics is an important part of any industry. Students or managers, unfamiliar with many ethical challenges, behaviors, or regulations will find themselves struggling in business industries that include finance, accountingRead MoreToyotas Ethical Issue Of Toyota1023 Words   |  5 Pageshad caused the accelerator to be caught and unable to be released. This incident would serve as the initial event that jumpstarted the public’s concern for exactly what was going on with many Toyota models. In this paper, we will explore the ethical issue that was present in this case, whether or not Toyota acted ethically in its handling of the unintended acceleration of its vehicles. In order to do this, we will examine the situation in the light of the six-step Hosmer’s moral reasoning processRead MoreToyotas Ethical Issues Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesToyota issues in automotive industry resulted from a lack of moral and ethical obligations to loyal customers. In fact, people encounter ethics at one time or another. A business expectation is to act in manner upholding society values. According to authors Trevino and Nelson, (2004) states, â€Å"a set of moral principals or values, or the principals, norm, and standards of conduct governing a group or individual.† On the other hand, three ethical criteria determined in t his discussion like obligationRead MoreEthical Framework : Decision Making Process Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Framework to Decision-making Process Slide 2: Introduction All employees (including the company executives) should be guided by moral principles and ethical values when making decisions (Balc Simionescu, 2012). The ability of executives to make ethical decisions can be influenced by their cognitive bias (Zeni, Buckley, Mumford Griffith, 2015). Utilitarianism is one of the frameworks that can be used to address ethical dilemmas. Utilitarianism holds that decision makers should take alternativesRead MoreBusiness Ethic Final Paper1697 Words   |  7 PagesA major car company by the name of Toyota was recently experiencing mechanical issues with some of their vehicles and there have been major fatalities cause by it. Toyota is trying to recall the models that are causing the problems, however, there are too many to recall and it will cost millions of dollars to fix the problem. Having a successful company requires that you practice and have good business ethics also. Toyota business ethics have come into question over its lack of concern for theRead MoreToyota s Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility1267 Words   |  6 PagesAugust 28th 2009. The journal article, â€Å"Toyota Crisis: Management Issue?† (Yuanyuan Feng 2010) provides an outline of the key factors that triggered the 2009 Toyota crisis, and explores whether the fall in the company’s returns by 19% were caused purely as a result of the recall and safety concerns, or something much deeper. I am proposing that the issues affecting Toyota’s ability to rebuild cannot alone be fixed by remedying the safety and manufacturing issues, but it must also work to rebuild theRead MoreToyota Australias The Australian Employee Is Inevitable1005 Words   |  5 Pagescompetitiveness, capability could not match the changed automotive market in Australia. In addition, no matter how Toyota Australia choose, the injury to Australian employee is inevitable. The only way for Toyota Australia to be more ethical is taking some remedial measurement. Recommendation(s) Based on the case evaluation, I recommend Toyota Australia terminate its operation and withdraw its manufacturing factories from Australia. On the basis of this recommendation, I will provide some suggestionsRead MoreThe Intellectual Virtues : Knowledge, Understanding And Wisdom935 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge; knowledge is the basis for wisdom, wisdom is the basis for creativity, and creativity is the basis for innovation. In Toyota case information and knowledge was enough among the engineer, production and manufacturing team but they ignored the wisdom aspect. Even after having well trained software engineer’s team Toyota ECM module had many issues in software code. Issues like high and complex coupling between the elements, global variables, too long control flows in the code, count of unmaintainableRead MoreToyotas Cause Unintended Acceleration By Remedying1663 Words   |  7 PagesAs mentioned, Toyota claimed to had addressed the root cause of the unintended accelera tion by remedying (or so they said) the floor mat issue. At the same time as they were saying they had taken care of the issue, they were hiding another; sticky pedals were to blame for some instances of acceleration. In 2008, Toyota had discovered a sticky pedal problem with its vehicles in Europe, stemming from the use of a faulty pedal produced by A-Pedal Company. This same company was producing for the UnitedRead MoreInternal and External Factors Influencing Management1538 Words   |  7 PagesTwo of the Toyota Production System s philosophies are Daily improvements and Good Thinking. Good Products (Toyota Motor Corporation, 2010). Recently, Toyota has faced a mass recall. There are several external and internal factors to consider as Toyota s management reevaluates and reformulates its four functions: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Factors that impact the four functions are: globalization, technology, innovation, diversity, and ethics. Managers need to use del egation

A Discussion Leader Alcott s Portrayal Of Marriage And...

Discussion Leader: Alcott s portrayal of marriage and family in Little Women. As a Discussion Leader, I chose Alcott s portrayal of marriage and family in Little Women. â€Å"‘We’ve got father and mother and each other,’ said Beth,† Louisa May Alcott created characters who were similar to those in her own life. The March family is comparable to the Alcott family. The four sisters, Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy are characters understood to be developed from Anna, Louisa, Elizabeth, and Abagail Alcott. Josephine is appropriately said to be the character portraying Louisa. In Little Women the four sisters were very close and spent much of their time together. They play-acted together and frolicked around the house. They challenged each other, they supported each other, and they quarreled with each other, as siblings do. For example, Amy burned Jo’s treasured notebook because she was not allowed to attend The Seven Castles of the Diamond Lake with Laurie, Meg, and Jo. Jo was furious with Amy. The next day Jo and Laurie went ice skating and Amy followed after them, which led to her falling into the ice. Jo’s anger had been festering, but her love for her sister overrode the previous day’s quarrel. Toget her the sisters endured mishaps and hardships. For example, Meg provided Amy with a quarter to pay off her debt for the pickled limes at school. Yes, Amy ended up humiliated for hiding the pickled limes in her desk. However, this shows how the sisters provided support for one another.

Dbq on Ancient Greece Free Essays

DBQ: Ancient Greek Civilization There were many great ancient civilizations that set the foundation for modern western culture to develop; yet none influenced our modern-day civilization more than the Greeks. The ancient Greeks were revolutionaries in many fields, such as science, philosophy, governmental structure, and warfare tactics. Without Greek influence, the world today would lack some of its greatest pieces of art, philosophy, and human values. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq on Ancient Greece or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ancient Greeks revolutionized human thought and philosophy, changed mankind’s values toward human life, and introduced art and culture that exemplifies human creativity of the era. Greeks revolutionized human thought and philosophy. They were the first civilization to embrace the idea that humans can reason, and self-examination is important for mankind if man wishes to better understand himself and his world. For instance, one of Greece’s most famous philosophers, Socrates, stated: â€Å"The unexamined life is not worth living,† (Document 1). Socrates is one of the most renowned philosophers in all of ancient Greece. His statement is revolutionary because it demonstrates how mankind must examine his own life to make it meaningful, a new theory in the world. Previously, man accepted the notion that you were born in your place and must accept whatever your ruler and/or priest tells you believe, but Socrates believed that man must examine himself to truly better their own lives. Another revolutionary thought of the Greeks was made in the fields of mathematics. For example a Greek mathematician named Euclid developed the theorem: â€Å"If you straight lines cut one another, the vertical, or opposite, angles shall be equal,† (Document 5). Euclid is a prime example of how Greeks advanced in the mathematical world, pushing human thought to new limits. The Greeks were very influential on our modern concepts of mathematics, laying the foundation for advances in all scientific fields. Even though the Greeks set the foundation for modern sciences and philosophy, their most important contribution in this area is undoubtedly their appreciation and respect for human reason. Greeks took great pride in their ability to reason. For instance, another famous Greek philosopher, Aristotle, stated: â€Å"Since human reason is the most godlike part of human ature, a life guided by human reason is superior to any other†¦ For man, this is the life of reason, since the faculty of reason is distinguished characteristics of human beings,† (Document 2). Aristotle believed the most important characteristic of human nature is the ability to reason. The Greeks were the first use logic to solve their problems. They used their logic to understand the natural world and question authority, using logic to make decisions best for themselves and thei r polis. The Greeks revolutionized human thought, setting the foundation for possible advancement in our western civilization. How to cite Dbq on Ancient Greece, Papers

Business Communication Social Media Trends in Australian Workplace

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Communicationfor Social Media Trends in Australian Workplace. Answer: Introduction The social media work is continuously growing in an extraordinary way. With this comes its impact in all stages of the workplaces in Australia. Social media is realized during recruitment to the time that the employee is terminated(Davis, et al., 2016). In addition, employees that fail to keep up with the developments of social media will find themselves on the wrong side of the law or work ethics. This report discusses the negative impacts of social media in the Australian workplace by looking and different areas of employment. The report will also discuss some of the steps that employers can take to ensure that employees are able to comply with the work ethics and the law and still enjoy the use of social media. Social Media Trends in Australian Workplace According to a survey conducted by Matthew Kelly, (2012), 48% of Australian employers report negative impact of social media when it comes to workplace productivity. The survey also was conducted by the Kelly service which is a global workforce solution provider. The survey also found that all around the world, 59 percent of people mix professional and personal connections with social media which eventually cause problems at the workplace. Also in Australia, even though social media continues to gain foot in the workplace, only 18 percent of employees would allow personal use of social media in the workplace, this is because of the disruptive nature of social media(Matthew Kelly, 2012). This shows how social media use has almost become an entitlement for employees, however, most would refrain from the use when they understand the personal and professional impacts it can have on them negatively. With regard to age groups, generation Y was on top of the list arguing that social media use is acceptable for personal use even at work (18%), this was in contrast to 17% of generation X and 11% of Baby boomers generation. It was also only 21% who felt that social media could be acceptable, when used to share opinions about work and other colleagues(Lucas, 2012). Of these respondents, six percent reported being ordered to stop using social media in the workplace, while 21 percent felt that social media played an important role in the organization(Erikson, 2009). However, all said, the spread of social media continues to grow in Australian workplace and has negatively affected in the following areas(Erikson, 2009): Social Media and Recruitment Davis, et al. 92016), argues that social media continues to alter the recruitment process in Australia. By the use of website such as LinkedIn, where employees get access to a wealth of employment opportunities. Social media has continued to bridge recruiters to candidates and potential employees to open opportunities(Hargie, 2011)(Johannesen, et al., 2008). As much as this might seem good, it has completely altered the vetting process since recruiters and employers will use the social media profile to determine whether the candidate is suitable for the task. Some recruiters used social media sites to screen potential employees. At this, some employers required candidates to befriend third parties on social media site like Facebook to know more about the candidates(Eunson, 2012). This is a breach of the Privacy Act and can lead to deceptive conduct and a breach of the Australian Consumer Law(Dissel, 2014). In addition, such actions by employers also lead to the breach of professional code of conduct and code of ethics. Social has also led to cases of discrimination of applicants since potential employer may not be in a position to demonstrate information that was sourced from the social media site to rate employee performance during interviews(Dissel, 2014). Other issues that play in this, is race and sexual preferences, issues that are not supposed to be determinants of employee qualification. This also welcomes unauthorized use of private information by employees. According to Mackenzie Wallace (2011), employers should seek written consent from the candidate and access private information with their authority. There is also need to keep a detailed record of the information they seek during the recruitment process(Hay, et al., 2006). However, social media r emains to be a risky affair in the workplace especially when it comes to gender, age and race discrimination. Social Media and Recruitment When times to recruitment of employees, social media use is also reported to have negative professional reputation. This is because it affects the productivity of employees, discipline, and conduct at work. There are poor communication and distortion of messages and harassment reported by the management and employees. In many cases, an employer will be held responsible for poor or abusive comments of stakeholders or fellow employees at workplace. This is because social media sites have entirely damaged reputation of fellow employees when colleagues post comments about their employers or them(Eunson, 2012). In Australia, when an employee uses social media outside office and during office hours or on the company's computer, it still has negative impact on the grounds of sexual, racial and position harassment and bullying. Australian courts have, in some cases held employers liable for the offenses done by their employees on social media, even when it was done outside working hours. This is especially evident when the conduct is related to employment and fellow colleagues or other rival companies in the industry(Wood, 2010). It thus becomes important for employers to come up with a social media policy which will set out expectations, obligations, boundaries and conditions for the use of social media platforms. It is important for employees to be warned about breach of workplace policy on the use of social media sites, especially on areas touching fellow employees or the company(Spry Floyd, 2013). According to Nohria (2009), it was found the 98.9% of employees in a survey conducted in the country would visit social media sites at the office. This was very huge since employees are supposed to use office hours to perform tasks assigned to them. However, social media sites would always be a means of distraction from work(Turner, et al., 2011). This was also caused by the beeps and social media alerts that are received on a real-time basis once the computer is connected to the site. Nohria (2009), also found that more that 60.8% of study participants reported that they would often check their social media site while at work. In addition, as employees continue to focus more energy on responding to social media updates, they will reduce their rate of productivity which leads to loss of money and time for the company. However, some employees have argued that part of the challenge that comes with the extraordinary use of social media sites in the workplace would be a means of communic ation during work. Some believe that social media can be used positively to balance work input and output(Erikson, 2009). Social Media and Employee Termination The Australian courts continue to file cases of unfair dismissal claims that are brought about by termination related to the use of social media platforms by employees. For example in Dover-Ray v Real Insurance Pty Ltd (2010), it was reported that the employee failed to prove that her termination was done in an unfair manner. That it was done due to negative comments the employee posted about her employer during employment, it is reported that the employee and refused to remove those comments on the social media when was requested to do so(Dissel, 2014). There have also been cases where employees are terminated from work due to excess use of social media sites during working hours. This calls for the need for employers to send up clear boundaries for employment hours and the use of social media sites. Some of these standards are also confirmed by Fair work in 2011 where an employee was reinstated after being terminated due to derogatory comments about his manager on Facebook page(Dav is, et al., 2016). In this regard, fair work looked at the fact that the employer did not have social media policy at the workplace. Channels to Curb Negative use of Social Media at Workplace The first channel for curbing the excessive use of social media can be done during orientation of employees. This is the time when employees are introduced to the organization procedures and policies. In this regard, they will be introduced to the organization culture. Policies will also be there to regulate the use of social media during working hours. They should be able to explain to employees the penalty social media use can encourage if found(Mackenzie Wallace, 2011). Managers need to also keep it clear for employees during the presentation of organization expectations, this is because employees will always seek to do well, however, will be required to know directions of what is expected of them. In addition, employees need to be introduced to the idea of equity at workplace and way that it can benefit them. At this, employers need to always insist on equal balance and treatment during working hours. Here managers need to take time to explain to new employees on the importance of high work performance and end benefits. The employer thus needs to provide employees with venues that can help bring about concerns of job equity like mentorship, employee ideas, lines of communication to superiors and human resource contact(Dissel, 2014). The other avenue to curb negative impacts of social media at workplace will be during recognition programs. These programs can be a major factor to prove to employees the results of the work input and adherence to work policy. Such programs will involve rewarding employees who consistently focus on attending to their duties instead of constantly updating their social media connections(Planalp Fitness, 2011). Such recognition thus needs to be performance based and should be able to reinforce the idea of equity since employee input of resisting social media and concentrating more on work will provide the positive outcome of acknowledging what is expected of him or her. When efforts toward work are put to practice, social media use will be highly reduced since it will not fit in with the employees commitment toward the goal(Nohria, 2009). Recognition of employees can also be done during working group meetings, employee of the month reward programs and release of organizational newslett er. Employers can also use visual aids put and various destinations in the workplace. They visual aids can be posted from time to time as a way of reminding employees to resist distraction of the use of social media during working hours. (Adler Elmhorst, 2010) adds that use of images provides an easy way of understanding rule than written materials. In addition, visual images when accompanied by well-written words can be more effective. The visual aids can be in form of posters, charts, presentations, attractive slogans and sketches carrying messages against use of social media in the workplace. Conclusion In conclusion, the use of social media at the workplace in Australia has become one of the main management issues as executives try to find a way of killing the trend. Employers need to devote to employing guideline and policies in the area. They need to explain to employees the need to sign a consent form that reflects their understanding of the guidelines and policies. It is thus important to have a social media policy where new employees will sign to consent to the policy. This will enable companies to avoid legal litigations which can arise in the event that managers will want to connect to employees social media for profile check(Dissel, 2014). It is important for employers to be wary when considering social media use during signing of employee contracts. By looking at social media and its negative impacts at the workplace in Australia, employers should have clear policies and train employees to be sure they understand the disadvantages of these sites at workplace. It is also important to note that social media cannot be all that bad, especially of employers can train employees to use it as a marketing and promotion tool. At this, employees need to be taught how to use the platforms to exchange information, policies and products or services(Mackenzie Wallace, 2011). To do this well, employers need to collaborate with the work environment so that employees enjoy an enriching work environment and social media experience. They should thus be taught and warned on posting social media content and comments especially on areas that touch the employer, the organization, colleague and employers customers. References Adler, R. Elmhorst, J., 2010. Communication at work: principles and practices for business and the professions. 10th ed. New York, NY.: McGraw Hill. Davis, P., Frolova, Y. Callahan, W., 2016. Workplace diversity management in Australia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 35(2), pp. 81-98. Dissel, B. v., 2014. Social media and the employee's right to privacy in Australia. International Data Privacy Law, 4(3), pp. 222-234. Erikson, T., 2009. Gen Y in the workforce. Harvard Business Review, pp. 43-49. Eunson, B., 2012. Communicating in the 21st century. Milton, Qld: Milton, Qld.: John Wiley and Sons Australia. Hargie, O., 2011. Skilled interpersonal communication: research, theory and practice. 5th ed. New York, NY.: Routledge. Hay, I., Dungey, C. Bochner, D., 2006. Making the grade: a guide to successful communication and study. 3rd ed. South Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. Johannesen, R., Valde, K. Whedbee, K., 2008. Ethics in human communication. 6th ed. Long Grove, IL.: Waveland Press, Inc.. Lucas, C., 2012. Social media facing bans in workplace agreements,. Melbourne, Vic.: Fairfax Media Publications Pty Limited. Mackenzie, L. Wallace, M., 2011. The communication of respect as a significant dimension of cross-cultural communication competence. Cross-Cultural Communication, 7(3), pp. 10-18. Matthew, H. Kelly, M., 2012. Australia: Following candidates on social networking sites: A minefield. [Online] Available at: www.mondaq.com [Accessed 25 October 2016]. Nohria, N., 2009. From regional star to global leader. Harvard Business Review, pp. 333-39. Planalp, S. Fitness, J., 2011. Interpersonal communication ethics. In: The handbook of communication ethics. UK: Routledge, pp. 135-147. Spry, M. Floyd, L., 2013. Four burgeoning IR issues for 2013 and beyond: adverse action; social media and workplace policy; trade union regulation (after the HSU affair); and the Qantas aftermath. Australian Bar Review, 37(2), p. 153. Turner, K., Ireland, L., Krenus, B. Pointon, L., 2011. Essential academic skills. 2nd ed. South Melbourne, Victoria.: Oxford University Press. Wood, J., 2010. Interpersonal communication: everyday encounters. 6th ed. Boston, MA.: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Essay Deepth Perception free essay sample

An experimental design was used in which a sample of 20 participants were asked to judge which of two identical pens was closer to them on a 10cm depth scale. The independent variable was whether participants were in the binocular or monocular condition and the dependent variable was the accuracy of depth perceptions. Correct or incorrect responses were recorded on a response scale. The results showed that participants in the binocular condition produced more correct answers than participants in the monocular condition, supporting the experimental hypothesis. This corresponds with previous research. The Effect of Monocular and Binocular Vision when Judging Depth Perception Depth perception in relation to physical stimuli comes from the study of psychophysics. Depth perception is the ability to see the world in three-dimensions and the distances of objects. The retina receives information in only two-dimensions, but the brain elicits information about depth so that we can perceive the world in three dimensions. It does this via visual and oculomotor cues. Some depth cues only require input from one eye; these are known as monocular depth cues. They include motion parallax; when moving forward, the way objects move past you can inform you as to how far they are, aerial perspective; objects become clearer the closer they are to you, relative size; if there are two objects that you know are the same size, the smaller one must be further away, interposition; if one object overlaps another you can judge which object is closer to you, texture gradient; the texture of an object is more difficult to see the further away it is, elevation; objects appearing higher in the visual field are perceived as being further away, shading, shadows of objects can help the brain determine how far away they are, and linear perspective; the perception that parallel lines angle towards each other as they recede into the distance (Schiffman, 1997). However, some sources of information require input from both eyes; this is known as binocular depth cues. These include binocular disparity; using two images of the same scene from slightly different angl es. And convergence; the movement of eyes turning inwards, depending on the distance of the object your observing. The ability to perceive relative depth using binocular vision is known as stereopsis. Oculomotor cues derive from the act of muscular contraction, either from the focus of the lens or the position of the eyes (Sekuler, 2002). Oculomotor cues include convergence and accommodation. Accommodation is the process of your eyes adjusting to keep an object in clear focus. But why do humans have two eyes? Some animals, such as herbivores, have eyes on the side of their head. Evolutionary psychologists would argue that this enables them to notice the approach of predators and ensure survival. However, most predators need binocular vision and therefore have eyes in the front of their head enabling them to judge distances when looking for pray. Previous research has found that binocular depth cues provide more accurate information about depth. Mckee and Taylor (2010) investigated monocular and binocular depth cues when judging a pair of metal rods in a natural setting either in isolation, or surrounded by other objects, and found that the presence of objects and textures improved monocular judgements; however, binocular judgments were still more accurate. Similarly, Barlow, Blakemore and Pettigrew (1967) investigated monocular and binocular vision by recording the action potentials of neurons in the primary visual cortex of cats, and found that the retinal images of an object must be correctly placed in both eyes to elicit the most accurate response, as opposed to one eye. However, it could be said that the experiment may not be generalizable to humans as it was conducted on cats. Although many studies show support that binocular vision is more accurate in judging depth than monocular vision, some studies show support for how monocular judgements are just as important. Bruno and Cutting (1967) investigated monocular depth cues; relative size, elevation, interposition, and motion parallax, on computer generated stimuli. The results showed that perceivers use monocular depth cues to judge relative depth, and the more cues there are, the more depth is revealed. The findings from this study illustrate the importance of monocular depth cues, however, computer generated stimuli cannot generalise to real world stimuli. Based on previous research, this experiment aimed to investigate the effect of binocular vision and monocular vision when judging which of two objects is closer in humans and in real life objects. The current study had one hypothesis: two eyes would be better than one eye when judging depth perception. Method Design The study was an experiment. It used a between participants design. Participants were allocated to one of two conditions, monocular vision or binocular vision. The independent variable was whether participants used monocular or binocular vision to judge the depth of the objects and the dependent variable was the accuracy of depth perceptions. Participants The participants included an opportunistic sample of students from Southampton Solent University and friends and family of the experimenters. Participants were recruited on an opt in basis and were all over 18 years of age. 20 participants were recruited. Materials The researchers completed an ethics form (appendix A) before the study. The participants were given an information sheet (appendix B), including brief and consent, and a debrief (appendix C), which they received after completing the experiment. A 10cm depth scale (appendix D) with a gap of 1cm was used and results were recorded on a response scale (appendix E) which consisted of correct or incorrect responses from each participant for each trial. The objects used consisted of two identical pens. Procedure Participants were given an information sheet, briefing them on the experiment, and asked to sign their consent. The experimenter then read the standardised instructions to the participant. Participants were assigned to one of two conditions; monocular vision and binocular vision. Each participant was asked to judge which of two objects was closer to them from at a 2m distance. The objects consisted of two identical pens which were placed on the 10cm depth scale. Psychophysical techniques used included Just Noticeable Difference (JND) and the stimuli were kept constant. The order of trails was randomised. The experiment was counterbalanced with half of participants using their left eye, and half using their right eye in the monocular condition. Results were recorded on a response scale which consisted of correct or incorrect responses from each participant for each trial. This is known as a 2 adjustment forced choice procedure (2AFC). After the experiment, participants were debriefed and explained the aims and hypothesis of the study and inviting questions. Ethical Considerations An ethics form was completed and approved before the experiment took place. Participants were briefed on the experiment, given a consent form and then debriefed after the experiment. Participants’ right to withdraw from the study was indicated on the information sheet, as well as being reminded verbally by the experimenters. All participants were recruited on an opt in basis. No names or participant data were collected. Responses were therefore anonymous. Results Hypothesis: two eyes are better than one when judging depth perception. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for each experimental condition: monocular vision and binocular vision, as shown in table 1. Raw data can be seen in appendix G. Table 1 The mean and standard deviation according to each experimental condition Experimental Condition| Mean| Standard Deviation| Monocular vision| 15. 70| 2. 58| Binocular vision| 19. 30| 1. 34| Table 1 shows that the mean (19. 30) for binocular vision was higher than the mean (15. 70) for monocular vision. This indicates that participants in the binocular vision experimental condition had more correct answers than participants in the monocular vision condition, supporting the hypothesis. Calculations from the output can be seen in appendix F. Figure 1. Mean total scores of correct answers. Figure 1 shows that the mean total scores of correct answers were higher for participants in the binocular condition than participants in the monocular condition. Having used a between participants design, an unrelated t test was conducted to test the directional hypothesis. The output from the calculations can be seen in Appendix F. The results were as follows: t(18) = -3. 912, the significance of the t value equals . 0005, meaning that plt;0. 01. This means that the results were significant to 1% and thus participants in the binocular condition had significantly more correct answers than participants in the monocular condition. Discussion The results of this experiment do support the predicted hypothesis that two eyes are better than one when judging depth perception. Participants in the binocular condition had more correct answers and were able to judge which of the two pens was closest to them than participants in the monocular condition. These findings can be explained by binocular disparity; each eye has a slightly different perspective of the same image, due to the eyes being slightly separated. The brain then combines information from the two eyes into one three-dimensional image, and obscures the differences (Sekuler, 2002). The brain uses binocular disparity to get depth information and judge the distances of objects. Figure 2. A diagram of binocular disparity. Figure 2 demonstrates how the left and right eyes have different visual views of the same image. If the object is far away, the disparity of that image will be small, if the object is close, the disparity will be large. Therefore, participants in the binocular condition used the images in their left and right eye, to determine the disparity of the objects and thus judge which pen was closest to them. In the monocular condition, the use of Just Noticeable Difference (JND), the smallest change in the physical stimuli, made it more difficult for participants to use the monocular depth cue of interposition to judge which pen was closest to them. The closer the objects were to each other (e. g. 5 and 6 on the depth scale), the harder it was for participants to judge which one was closest to them. This is because when the objects were further apart from each other on the depth scale, one would overlap or block the other, and the fully exposed object was perceived as being closer to the participant. However, when the objects were closer to each other, neither object concealed the other and the ability to use interposition was eliminated, therefore producing incorrect responses. One possible limitation of this study is that it used a between participants design. This may have reduced the validity of the study as participants may have had different visual abilities. For example, people with ocular conditions, such as amblyopia, have poor stereo vision and thus perform worse in depth discriminations (Thompson amp; Nawrot, 1998). This may have confounded the results and therefore further research should use a within participants design testing the same participants in both conditions to see if the findings are consistent and if different visual capabilities affect the ability to perceive depth. Furthermore, it could be said that judging which of two pens is closer to you in experimental conditions with high control may not generalise to real live situations. It can be concluded that binocular vision is better than monocular vision when making depth perceptions. It may be valid to conclude that the results from this study are only valid within the context it was conducted and that further research should look into people with visual impairments to see if their depth perceptions are affected. References Schiffman, H. R. (1997). Sensation and Perception: an Integrated Approach. (pp. 215-227). New York: Wiley Sekuler, R (2002).